EVALUACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA SEMIAUTOMATIZADO PARA LA FERMENTACIÓN DE Theobroma cacao L. (NACIONAL Y SÚPER ÁRBOL) EN LA AMAZONÍA NORTE ECUATORIANA
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E. E. Central Amazónica
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85p.
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como propósito evaluar el sistema semiautomatizado y su influencia sobre las características físicas y químicas de dos genotipos de cacao (Nacional y Súper Árbol). Se empleó un diseño factorial completo tipo principales efectos 22, donde los factores seleccionados fueron el genotipo (Nacional y Súper Árbol) y método de fermentación (semiautomatizado y cajas Rohan), a tres réplicas. Las variables físicas evaluadas fueron: porcentaje de fermentación y de testa, peso y número de 100 almendras; químicas: pH de testa y cotiledón, contenido de grasa, índice de fermentación y polifenoles totales (método Folin-Ciocalteu). El modelo empleado fue significativo con un valor R2 de 0.90 y también la variable método y la interacción, mientras que la variedad no tuvo significancia (p>0.05). Se evidenció que el tiempo de fermentación, a excepción del peso y número de 100 semillas, tuvo influencia en las características físicas.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to evaluate the semi-automated system and its influence on the physical and chemical characteristics of two cocoa genotypes (National and Super Tree). A full factorial design of the main effects type 22 was used, where the selected factors were the genotype (National and Super Tree) and fermentation method (semi-automated and Rohan boxes), at three replications. The physical variables evaluated were: percentage of fermentation and husk, weight and number of 100 almonds; Chemicals: testa and cotyledon pH, fat content, fermentation index and total polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu method). The model used was significant with an R2 value of 0.90 and also the method variable and the interaction, while the variety had no significance (p> 0.05). It was evidenced that the fermentation time, except for the weight and number of 100 seeds, had an influence on the physical characteristics.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to evaluate the semi-automated system and its influence on the physical and chemical characteristics of two cocoa genotypes (National and Super Tree). A full factorial design of the main effects type 22 was used, where the selected factors were the genotype (National and Super Tree) and fermentation method (semi-automated and Rohan boxes), at three replications. The physical variables evaluated were: percentage of fermentation and husk, weight and number of 100 almonds; Chemicals: testa and cotyledon pH, fat content, fermentation index and total polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu method). The model used was significant with an R2 value of 0.90 and also the method variable and the interaction, while the variety had no significance (p> 0.05). It was evidenced that the fermentation time, except for the weight and number of 100 seeds, had an influence on the physical characteristics.
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