Evaluación de sistemas de labranza de suelos y fertilización fosfórica en maíz (Zea mays L.)
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Quito: Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2004. 178 p.
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E. E. Santa Catalina
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7 p.
Abstract
Considerando la grave problemática erosiva, y al hombre como uno de los
principales causantes de la degradación de nuestros suelos, se decidió continuar con
este proyecto en el cuarto año de evaluación de sistemas de labranza de conservación
de suelos y fertilización fosfórica en maíz. Los objetivos planteados fueron:
- Determinar el efecto de tres sistemas de labranza (convencional, mínima y cero) y
tres niveles de fósforo aplicados (0-50-100 kg/ha de P2O5) sobre las características
físicas, químicas y biológicas del suelo.
- Evaluar el comportamiento agronómico del maíz, en los diferentes sistemas de
labranza y niveles de fósforo aplicados al suelo.
- Determinar los beneficios económicos de los diferentes sistemas de labranza y
niveles de fósforo aplicados.
El presente estudio corresponde al cuarto ciclo de investigación. Los ensayos se
encontraban ubicados en provincias maiceras de la Sierra Ecuatoriana. En la
provincia de Pichincha, el ensayo se localizó en el Lote Rumipungo de la “EESC”
del INIAP , parroquia Cutuglahua, cantón Mejía; según Holdridge esta zona ha sido
clasificada como bhmb, con vina humedad relativa promedio de 89%, temperatura
promedio anual de 16.0 °C, y precipitación promedio anual de 1200 mm.
At considering the serious problematical erosion and human being as one of the main causing of degradation of our soils, it was decided to continue with this project at its fourth evaluation year of tillage soils conservation systems and phosphoric fertilization on com. Planned objectives were: - To determine the effect of three tillage systems (conventional, minimum and zero) and three levels of phosphorus applied (0-50-100 kg/ha P2O5) over physical, chemical and biological soils’ characteristics. - To evaluate the com agronomic behaviour to the différents tillage systems and phosphorus levels applied to the soil. - To determine economical benefits of the différents tillage systems and phosphorus levels applied to the soil. Trials were located in the com producers provinces of Ecuadorian highlands. In Pichincha province, the testing was located at the eastern section of “EESC” of INIAP, Cutuglahua parish, Mejia canton. According to Holdridge this zone has been classified as bhmb with 89% of relative humidity average, 16.0°C of annual average temperature, 1200 mm of annual average rainfall. The soil of this place belongs taxonomically to Andisol order, Udand sub-order, Hapludand grand-group, loam texture, from 10-12% of gradient, good drainage, pH 5.1, geographycal longitude: 78°23’ W, latitude: 00°22’ S and altitude: 2670 msnm.
At considering the serious problematical erosion and human being as one of the main causing of degradation of our soils, it was decided to continue with this project at its fourth evaluation year of tillage soils conservation systems and phosphoric fertilization on com. Planned objectives were: - To determine the effect of three tillage systems (conventional, minimum and zero) and three levels of phosphorus applied (0-50-100 kg/ha P2O5) over physical, chemical and biological soils’ characteristics. - To evaluate the com agronomic behaviour to the différents tillage systems and phosphorus levels applied to the soil. - To determine economical benefits of the différents tillage systems and phosphorus levels applied to the soil. Trials were located in the com producers provinces of Ecuadorian highlands. In Pichincha province, the testing was located at the eastern section of “EESC” of INIAP, Cutuglahua parish, Mejia canton. According to Holdridge this zone has been classified as bhmb with 89% of relative humidity average, 16.0°C of annual average temperature, 1200 mm of annual average rainfall. The soil of this place belongs taxonomically to Andisol order, Udand sub-order, Hapludand grand-group, loam texture, from 10-12% of gradient, good drainage, pH 5.1, geographycal longitude: 78°23’ W, latitude: 00°22’ S and altitude: 2670 msnm.