Evaluación de nueve clones promisorios de papa (Solanum tuberosum), Pichincha 2005
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Quito: Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2005. 120 p.
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E. E. Santa Catalina
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9 p.
Abstract
Un factor limitante en la producción de papa en nuestro país, es el “Tizón Tardío”
causada por el patógeno Phytophthora infesíans, esta enfermedad puede causar
pérdidas de hasta el 1 0 0%, para el control se realizan controles químicos y el uso de
variedades resistentes. Estas favorecen la disminución de los costos de producción ya
que necesitan un menor número de aplicaciones químicas. Por esta razón, el Centro
Internacional de la Papa (CIP), en colaboración con el PNRT-Papa del INIAP,
desarrollaron un esquema de mejoramiento para obtener genotipos con resistencia a
“Tizón Tardío” y calidad culinaria, incluyendo variedades locales y nativas, unas
utilizadas como padres I-Gabriela, Bolona, Suscaleña, y Superchola, fueron cruzadas
con especies silvestres S. phweja, S. microdontum, S.acroglosum y S. paucissecium,
dando como resultado progenies con características agronómicas de las variedades
comerciales incluida la resistencia proveniente de las especies silvestres. Como
resultado de este proceso se obtuvieron nueve clones de papa, después de cinco años
de selección.
The main potato problem in our country is the disease called “Late blight”, caused by Phylophthora infestans, this disease could provoke in the potato crop losses until the 100%, to control this problem chemical control and genetic resistance are used. They promote to reduce the costs o f production because o f less number o f chemical sprays. For this reason the International Potato Center (CLP), with the National Potato Program of INIAP developed a breeding scheme to obtain genotypes with resistance to “Late blight” and quality, including local improved varieties and natives ones as parents like I-Gabriela, Bolona, Suscaleña, y Superchola they were crossed with wild potato species S. phureja, S. microdontum, S. acroglosum y S. pctucissectum, giving as result seedlings with agronomic characteristics o f the commercial cultivars including the resistance o f the wild species. As a result o f this process nine potato clones after íive years were selected.
The main potato problem in our country is the disease called “Late blight”, caused by Phylophthora infestans, this disease could provoke in the potato crop losses until the 100%, to control this problem chemical control and genetic resistance are used. They promote to reduce the costs o f production because o f less number o f chemical sprays. For this reason the International Potato Center (CLP), with the National Potato Program of INIAP developed a breeding scheme to obtain genotypes with resistance to “Late blight” and quality, including local improved varieties and natives ones as parents like I-Gabriela, Bolona, Suscaleña, y Superchola they were crossed with wild potato species S. phureja, S. microdontum, S. acroglosum y S. pctucissectum, giving as result seedlings with agronomic characteristics o f the commercial cultivars including the resistance o f the wild species. As a result o f this process nine potato clones after íive years were selected.